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diverse group of elementary students learning about geography with world map on the floor

Connect Students’ Background Knowledge to Content in the ELL Classroom

As you teach content areas to ELLs of diverse backgrounds, you may find that they struggle to grasp the content, and that they approach the content from very different perspectives. Drawing on your students’ background knowledge and experiences, can be an effective way to bridge those gaps and to make the content more accessible. This article offers a number of suggestions to classroom teachers as they find ways to tap into the background knowledge that students bring with them.

Diverse group of elementary students working collaboratively on a project in class

Content Area Literacy

In one school day, an elementary school teacher will instruct children in reading, math, science, social studies, and more. Children should be reading and writing across all these disciplines, using specific techniques and knowledge to help them navigate different types of texts.

Photo by Allison Shelley for EDUimages

3 elementary students writing on flip chart in social studies unit

Content Area Literacy: Individualizing Student Instruction in Second-Grade Science

This study describes a second-grade science curriculum designed to individualize student instruction so that students, regardless of initial science and literacy skills, gain science knowledge and reading skills. The instruction incorporates flexible, homogeneous, literacy skills-based grouping, use of leveled science text, and explicit use of discussion and comprehension strategies.
Content Area Vocabulary Learning

Content Area Vocabulary Learning

Vocabulary lies at the heart of content learning. To support the development of vocabulary in the content areas, teachers need to give their students time to read widely, intentionally select words worthy of instruction, model their own word solving strategies, and provide students with opportunities to engage in collaborative conversations.

Creating Bar Graphs

Creating Bar Graphs

Real-life scientists use charts and graphs as a way to organize and understand the information they have gathered. Young scientists can do the same! These activities will help you and your child create simple bar charts together, learn the vocabulary of graphing, and have fun building graphs using real objects.

3 elementary students writing on flip chart in social studies unit

Creating Timelines

Timelines are graphic representations of the chronology of events in time. While they are often used as a way to display information in visual form in textbooks as an alternative to written narrative, students can also become more actively engaged in learning the sequence of events in history by constructing timelines themselves.
word wall in first grade classroom filled with vocabulary words

Developing Academic Language: Got Words?

Concerns about how to build academic vocabulary and weave its instruction into curricula are common among classroom teachers. This article reviews the research and offers some practical suggestions for teachers.

boy and girl wearing knit crowns looking at reading picture books with mother

Developing Strategic Use of Combined-Text Trade Books

Combined-text books integrate a story format and an expository or informational format within one book. When used for instruction, combined-text books are best read in layers: illustrations; informational text; narrative text; and additional details, such as sketches and page borders. Addressing various layers individually during read-alouds provides a perfect opportunity to model revisiting text for various purposes.
Diagrams, Timelines, and Tables

Diagrams, Timelines, and Tables

Concepts of print need to be expanded to include graphics, with instruction in how to read and analyze graphical devices such as diagrams, timelines, and tables. Learn more about how to teach young students to read and understand visual information.

Does Disciplinary Literacy Have a Place in Elementary School?

Does Disciplinary Literacy Have a Place in Elementary School?

This commentary discusses what disciplinary literacy is and why it is important. It then discusses the ways in which elementary school teachers can infuse aspects of disciplinary literacy into elementary instruction. It argues that the Common Core Standards, even those at the K-6 level, are providing avenues for preparation for disciplinary literacy.

Outdoor portrait of picture book writer Frank Weber wearing a black and blue striped sweater and humorous illustrated book cover featuring a dung beetle and his dung piles

Don’t Bug Your Mom

London-based animator, author, and illustrator Frank Weber originally hails from South Africa, which inspires his works of sly humor, including More Dung! A Beetle Story and The Top Spot. Here Frank shares bug stories of his own childhood to help get kids wondering about insects around the world and drawing a few of their own.

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